Drugs

Drugs play an irreplaceable role in the maintenance of our physical health.
Once disease infestation our bodies，such as colds, diarrhea, fever, etc. Everyone will get sick. Thus, health can not be separated from drugs, medicines can not be separated from our lives. Drugs can affect the body refers to the physiological, biochemical and pathological processes, used in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases and family planning of chemical substances. Drugs, including hypnotics to a healthy, cold medicine, anti-fever medicine, stomach and so on.
Drugs have their own characteristics：
　　1．Types of complexity, there are about 20,000 species in the world，so it has a complexity of the types and a wide variety
2．Exclusive of medical drugs：Patients under the guidance of a doctor's rational in order to prevention of diseases, the protection of health　
3．Strict quality of drugs：Drug is directly related to people's health and the survival of life, so its quality may not have the slightest bit sloppy. We must ensure that the drugs safe, effective, uniform and stable.
rational administration of drug
　　　　The choice of drug use is reasonable or not, related to the success or failure of treatment. In the choice of medication, it is important to consider the following：1.Whether there is any need for medication.2.If need medication, should consider the effect on the problem.3.Combination problem.4.Its also an important part of drug used rationally for select appropriate formulations
　Its often used commonly used volume for　doses of medication to choose in order to ensure safe, effective. The average dose of provided for commonly used clinical capacity generally refers to adult (18 ~ 60 years)，However, the reaction of the drug varies from person to perso. There are some factors have an impact on the dosage such as age, sex, nutritional status and genetic. Children required a smaller dose，generally based on age, weight, body surface area according to the adult dose conversion. The elderly adult dose of the drug may reduce. In addition，for the frail, poor nutrition, liver and kidney dysfunction in the volume of drugs should also be a corresponding reduction
　　The choice of route of administration.
A variety of delivery methods has its own characteristics, clinical primarily on the basis of patient characteristics and drug choice.1 Oral. Its the most commonly used method of drug delivery. It applicable to the majority of drugs and patients. Does not apply to a coma, vomiting and infants and young children, mental patients, etc. 2 Rectal administration. 3 Sublingual administration. It can only be applied to a small number of the smaller amount of drug. 4 Injection. It has to absorb quickly and completely, reliable efficacy, etc. 5 Inhalation drug delivery. It applicable to volatile or gaseous substances，such as Inhalation anesthetic agents. 6 Local surface delivery. Such as brush coating, drops, spray, wet, etc，The main purpose is to play a role in the local

According to drug metabolism in the body to the drug plasma half-life of constant administration of constant time interval, 4 to 6 months after the half-life of up to steady-state plasma concentration. Practical application，Most of the daily administration of the drug is 3 to 4 times，Special drugs only in exceptional cases the provisions of the special delivery interval， such as digitalis drugs.
　　Taking drugs should be determined in accordance with the specific drug. There are easy on the gastrointestinal tract after a meal to stimulate the drug should be served, such as
，aspirin, indomethacin, etc. And sedative-hypnotics should be served before going to bed, it plays so as to facilitate its efficacy, timely sleep.
　The length of treatment should be determined by condition，In addition，The length of treatment should be based on the size of the drug toxicity，such as anti-cancer drugs should be administered using intermittent therapy.
　So according to both clinical medicine of the pharmacological effects of drugs，Patients should also considered the actual situation,treatment do vary from person to person. The impact drug of body factors including: age, sex, pathological conditions, mental factors, genetic factors and nutritional status.
So drugs are important in our life. When you choice it, you must seriously and careful

Reference:
http://baike.baidu.com/view/19820.htm
http://baike.baidu.com/view/136293.htm?func=retitle

Plastic Products

Nowadays more and more things are made from plastic
Group of polymer substances, material derived from petroleum that is easily shaped and molded when heated. Synthetic polymers are often referred to as "plastics", such as the well-known polyethylene and nylon. However, most of them can be classified in at least three main categories: thermoplastics, thermosets and elastomers
Plastics are mainly composed of synthetic resin. Certain temperature and pressure conditions of a certain shape can be made of plastic, at normal temperature to maintain the shape of the same material.
Plastic is lighter material, its relative density between 0.90—2.2. This feature can be used to make plastic products requirements to reduce the production of self-respect. The vast majority of plastic to acids, alkalis and other chemical substances have a good corrosion resistance. Ordinary plastic are poor conductor of electricity. Therefore, it has a wide range of applications in the plastic in the electronics industry and machinery industry.
There are two different ways for development direction of plastic. One of them is improve performance and other is development of functional.

The world from the current rate of plastic industry. The first two is Germany and Sweden , after these are Japan and some of European countries, America is shower .
At present, the overseas development of plastic packaging has the following trends: 1.Copolymerization composite packaging film. This will greatly enhance the co-extruded plastic and tensile properties.2 Complex multi-functional thin films. A large number of foreign films to develop complex multi-functional role in further refining.
Some plastic itself is a simple resin Such as polyethylene, polystyrene, etc.
At present industrial production of plastics have been hundreds of types，Which is also commonly used in more than 60 kinds of.
Common classification is as follows:
(1) After heating according to the plastic performance division.
1.Thermosetting plastic.
2.Thermoplastics
(2)The scope of the application by the division of plastic
1. GE Plastics
2. Engineering Plastics
(3)Attainment by combustible
1. Flammability of plastic
2. Retardant plastics
In our daily life, there are many different types of plastic. Now I will introduce several major plastic.
(1) Polyethylene plastic Branch
Polyethylene plastic is a polymer of ethylene monomers. Raw material is oil, coke oven gas or alcohol. Molecular structure of polyethylene is ：（—CH2一CH2—） n
(2) Polypropylene Plastic
Polypropylene plastic is a propylene in the methane-based aluminum and titanium trichloride catalyst and to gasoline as the solvent for the polymer obtained. The structural formula for polypropylene is [—CH2—CH—] n. It belongs to linear macromoleculest
(3)Polystyrene plastic
Polystyrene is a polymer made from styrene monomer plastic linear structure.
(4) PVC
PVC is made by polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer and is one of commonly used thermoplastics
(5)Bakelite
It is based on phenol and formaldehyde as raw materials and
acid or alkaline catalyst into phenol-formaldehyde resin under the polycondensation. Accession can be made of plastic wood filler
(6) Urea-formaldehyde plastics
Urea-formaldehyde resin is a urea-formaldehyde synthesis of endothelin.
（7）Plexiglass
PMMA is commonly known as the polymethyl methacrylate,
It is by the polymerization of methyl methacrylate monomer resin from the linear
（8）Cellulose nitrate plastic
Cotton linter cellulose nitrate plastics or other grasses, wood and other natural cellulose into cellulose nitrate by nitrate, and then adding 20-30% of the plasticizer of plastics made from camphor
（9）Application of Plastic
It is used for industrial technology
Plastic products is important in our lives. Hope because of my introduce, you can know more about plastic prodycts.

Reference :

http://tieba.baidu.com/f?kw=%CB%DC%C1%CF&fr=ala0

http://image.baidu.com/i?ct=503316480&z=0&tn=baiduimagedetail&word=%CB%DC%C1%CF&in=3977&cl=2&cm=1&sc=0&lm=-1&pn=42&rn=1&di=383844900&ln=2000&fr=

Milk

Milk
Nowadays,more and more people want to have healthy body. Because they have begun to focus on the quality of life.So healthy diet is important for us. Milk is one of important things in our lives.
The chemical compositon of milk is very complex. It has more than 100 kinds of composition at least.The main components are water ,fat ,phospholipid, protein, lactose, salt, etc. In generally, the concentration of main chemical components of milk are:
Moisture: 87.5%
Fat: 3.5%
Protein: 3.4%
Lactose: 4.6%
Salt: 0.7%

There are 22 kinds of protein amino acid composition of the human body.There are 9 kinds of which can not synthesis of the human body itself.These amino acids known as essential amino acids.We eat protein if it contains all the essential amino acids.This protein will be called the all-protein. The protein of milk is all-protein.Inorganic salt of milk,also known as minerals.
The cation of milk containing Ca2 +, Mg2 +, K +, Fe3 + and anion containing PO43-、SO42-、Cl- and so on. in addition to there are few of melements I, Cu, Zn, Mn, etc.
The vast majority of these elements plays an important role in regulating metabolism on human growth and development. Calcium is the highest inorganic salt in the body,
is the main component of constitutes Bones and teeth. 90% of calcium depend on the teeth and bones of the body.Children and teenagers need adequate calcium for their growth and development.
The same pregnant as women ,adults,and the elderly also need to add calcium. Lack of calcium will affect the normal development of the teeth and bones and lead to rickets. Nature of the calcium existence of state is based on the compound. Milk contains abundant active calcium and is man's best source of calcium.
As we know, milk is good for our healthy, but it also has some harm for our body. For example,many studies show that the men who often drunk milk susceptible to prostate cancer. If we use wrong methods to drink milk ,it also takes some harms. E.g. don’t mix suger when milk boiling. Don’t drunk cold milk in summer.
On an empty stomach should not drink milk. The bottle of milk can not under the sun. Although milk has some disadvantage for our body but its advantage more than it. For example, before you go to bed you should drink a glass of hot milk, it can governance neurasthenia and insomnia. And milk contains a lots of B2, Can promote skin metabolism and so on.
There are six functions of milk
1. It is nutrient-rich
2. It can restrain tumor
3. It can calm and soothe the nerves
4. It can takes our skin smooth
5. It can helps girls lose weight
6. It can promote brain development for the infant.
Maybe form these imformations,you can know more about milk and there are lots of affect for milk. Expired milk can be used to shoeshine. So the advantage of milk is more than disvantage.
Overall milk is good for our healthy.

Reference
http://baike.baidu.com/view/4964.htm

Pesticides

Pesticides
There are many types of farm chemicals in the modern world.
Under the control object can be divided into pesticide,fungicide,
rodenticide, herbicide, plant growth regulators and so on.
According to sources of raw materials can be divided into
organic pesticide,inorganic pesticide , 　microbial pesticide, botanical pesticide.Besides,there also has insect hormone.
Form the basis of processing can be divided into power,WP, granules,emulsion, fumigation agent and so on.
The majority of farm chemicals are liquids or solids and small number of gas.
According to the types of pests or diseases and the different physical properties of Pesticides .To use the different method.
I want to introduced the trait of several pesticides.
Alachlor
Molecular formula : C14H20ClNO2
Physical and Chemical Properties: white crystals, Melting point 39.5-41.5 ℃ , Boiling point 100℃(0.02mmHg)，Vapor Pressure 2.9mPa(25℃), Proportion 1.133(25 ℃)，Solubility in water 242mg/L(25 ℃)，It can dissolve in ethanol, ethyl ether, acetone, chloroform and other organic solvents. Decomposition temperature 105 ℃ and alkali conditions in the acid decomposition.
Butachlor
Molecular formula : C17H26ClNO2
Physical and Chemical Properties: Amber liquid, Melting point -5 ℃
Boiling point 156℃/0.5mmHg, Vapor Pressure 0.6mPa(25 ℃)，Proportion 1.070(25℃)，Corrosion of steel, Soluble in most organic solvents including ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, benzene, hexane, etc. Decomposition at 165 ℃, stability on light.
Benazoline-ethyl
Molecular formula: C11H10ClNO3S
Physical and Chemical Properties: Colorless crystalline solid Melting point: 79.2℃. Vapor Pressure 0.37mPa(25℃)，Density 1.45(20℃)，Solubility 20℃，water 47mg/L, acetone 229mg/L, dichloromethane 603mg/L, ethyl acetate 148mg/L, methanol28.5mg/L, toluene 198mg/L. Below 300 ℃, as well as
acid and neutral solution stability.
Farm chemicals is important in our lives but it also has some harm.
Some farm chemicals can takes people poisoning. For example, Organochlorine pesticides in the accumulation of fat in the body, Induction of liver enzymes, One of the reasons is swollen liver cirrhosis. Lead to cancer,arteriosclerosis , cardiovascular disease and some others disease,the very important reason is long-term consumption of contaminated vegetables.
The loss of pesticides into the environment, will cause serious environmental pollution. Sometimes resulted in extremely dangerous consequences.
1. Atmospheric pollution, water environment, resulting in soil compaction
2. Enhance the bacteria, pest resistance to pesticides
3. Anti-useful biological
4. Wildlife and livestock poisoning
At present, Synthetic chemical pesticides more than about 500, Widespread use of these pesticides. Not only caused environmental pollution and at the same time harm to human health.

Pesticides have their own legal:
The so-called pesticide is used for prevention, eradication or control of hazards in agriculture, forestry, disease, insects, grass and other harmful organisms as well as the mediation of destination plants, insect growth comes from the chemical synthesis or biological, and other natural substances, a substance or a mixture of several substances and preparations.
We have nine ways to reduce the dangers of pesticides.
1. Selection of pesticides
2. The configuration of pesticides
3. Appropriate period of the use of pesticides
4. Pesticide Application Technology
5. Pesticide safety interval
6. Security
7. Wastewater treatment
8. Total ban on the use of pesticides (23 types)
9. Restrictions on the Use of Pesticides (18 types)
As long as we use pesticides by correct ways ,it should be important thing in our lives.

Reference

http://baike.baidu.com/view/61312.htm#3

chocolate

Chocolate is a kind of sweet food that cocoa powder is made of the main raw material.
Not only does it taste sweet and delicate, But also has a strong aroma. You can eat chocolate directly and can also be used to produce cakes ,ice-cream ,etc. In a romantic Valentine's Day. It is the protagonist of expression love.
Chocolate has small volume ,high energy and Sweet taste. It has a lot of functions ,first chocolate can make people excited and alleviate depression. Second eating chocolate is conducive to control cholesterol levels , keep on the Capillary of flexibility. Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease with the role of the cycle. And last but not least,Chocolate is a antioxidant food, the effectiveness of anti-aging to a certain extent and so on .Chocolate is rich in carbohydrates, fat, protein and various minerals. Generally speaking ,children can not eat chocolate and diabetes should eat less of it .
Chocolate contains more than 300 kinds of known chemical substances. Chocolate is the natural guardian to prevent heart disease. Chocolate is rich in multi-source of phenol compounds. Strawberry is the most containing antioxidants in the fruits ,but chocolate’s containing antioxidants is eight times than strawberry.
Many youth of girls don’t want to eat chocolate not because of they don’t like ,but they afraid become fatter. There are a lot of carbohydrate and fat in it . It makes a mistakes in their mind . Studies shows that if you eat the proper amount of chocolate ,you can lose your weight . but different people has different physique. So maybe a few of people cant suit this method.
I like chocolate that has 6 reasons. First is romance and love . It alwayse standard of love, in the Valentine’s Day, boys often sent it to their girlfriends . Second is youth . Do you remember the feeling of see your friends ? That’s a happy feeling. Chocolate like the same as beating the color of youth. Third is health. Third is health.
Scientific and rational way to eat chocolate is good for our health.Chocolate is conducive to heart health and Chocolate can enhance immunity . Fourth is energy. Chocolate is ideal for sports and travel, when the energy and nutrition supplements. Fifth is care.Chocolate is one of people favorite nutritious health food. The last one is joy. Chocolate is happy maker .A lot of studies show chocolate can make people happy because of phenylethylamine in it can help regulate one's mood.
Sum up , I like chocolate .i hope from my article you can know more about chocolate

Referent :

http://image.baidu.com/i?ct=503316480&z=0&tn=baiduimagedetail&word=%C7%C9%BF%CB%C1%A6&in=9387&cl=2&cm=1&sc=0&lm=-1&pn=13&rn=1&di=388575444&ln=2000&fr

http://baike.baidu.com/view/7172.htm=